CHRONOLOGY OF MAHATMA GANDHI

A Short Chronological Sketch

• 2 October, 1869: Birth at Porbunder in Gujarat (Sudamapuri, Kathiawad)
• 1876 :Beginning of Education at Rajkot.
• 1883 : Married with Kasturba at Porbunder.
• 4th September, 1888 : Left for London to study Law.
• 12 January, 1891 : Passed the Law examination.
• 10-11 June, 1891 : Called to the British Bar and enrolled in the High Court.
• 12 June, 1891 : Set sail for home.
• 6 July, 1891 : In India, introduced to Raychandbhai (Whom Gandhiji regarded as his Guru).
• 16 November, 1891 : Applied for enrollment in the Bombay High Court.
• 24 May, 1892 : Came to Bombay to start practice in the High Court as Barrister.
• April, 1893 : Representing a Porbunder firm set sail for South Africa.
• June, 1893 : At Pietermaritzberg station Gandhiji was ordered to go into the van compartment of the train although he held a first class ticket. On his refusal, a constable was brought and he was forcibly ejected, his bundles pitched out after him. He was left to shiver in the waiting room all night.
• 22 May, 1894 : Proposed an Organisation to watch the interest of Indians and to oppose colour bar against them in South Africa.
• 22 August, 1894 : Founded Natal Indian Congress to fight colour prejudice.
• 3 September, 1894 : Admitted to Natal Supreme Court despite opposition by Natal Law Society.
• 17 October, 1899 : Out break of Boer War and Gandhiji joined Ambulance Corps.
• 18 October, 1899 : Started for India assuring to return to South Africa in his service were to be needed.
• 27 December, 1901 : Moved a resolution on South Africa at Calcutta Congress session.
• 20 November, 1902 : At the growing pressure from Indians in South Africa, returned to South Africa.
• 1903 : Founded Transvaal British India Association.
• 1 October, 1904 : Took over entire management responsibility of 'Indian Opinion'.
• Nov.-Dec., 1904 : Founded Phoenix settlement.
• September, 1906 : Started Passive Resistance Movement.
• 13-22November, 1909 : Wrote 'Hind Swaraj' in Gujarati on board S.S.Kildonan Castle on the way to South Africa from London.
• 9 January, 1915 : Returned to India.
• 25 May, 1915 : Founded Satyagraha Ashram at Kochrab, Ahemadabad.
• April, 1917 : Champaran Satyagraha.
• 1918 : Ahemadabad mill workers & Kheda Peasant Satyagraha.
• 13 April, 1919 : Massacre at mass meeting at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Gandhiji implored people to be calm 8 October, 1919 First issue of 'Young India' under Gandhiji's Editorship.
• 1920-21 : Khilafat and non-Co-operation Movement.
• 5 February, 1922 : Chauri Chaura incident and withdrawal of Non Co-operation Movement.
• 10 March, 1922 : Arrested. On 21 March sent to Yervada Jail. Remained in jail till March 1924.
• 17 September, 1924 : Started 21 days fast for Hindu-Muslim unity.
• December, 1924 : Presided over the Belgaum Congress.
• December, 1928 : Attended Calcutta Congress where a draft Constitution of India was adopted on 31 December, 1928.
• December, 1929 : Gandhiji's resolution on Complete Independence was adopted at open session of Lahore Congress along with immediate boycott of legislatures.
• 26 January, 1930 : Pledge of Independence day taken all over India.
• 19 February, 1930 : All India Congress Committee adopted Civil Disobedience programme.
• 12 March, 1930 : At 6.30 a.m. with 78 Ashramaties Gandhiji started his famous Dandi March to break the Salt Law.
• 4 May, 1930 : Arrested and taken to Yervada jail.
• 26 January, 1931 : Released from Jail.
• 5 March, 1931 : Gandhi-Irwin Pact was announced.
• 29 March, 1931 : Left for London to attend Round Table Conference.
• 5 December, 1931 : Decided to restart Non Co-operation Movement.
• 4 January, 1932 : Arrested and imprisoned without trial.
• 8 May, 1933 : Started 21 days fast for the improvement of Harijan's condition and was released at 6 p.m. from jail.
• 31 July, 1933 : Individual Civil Disobedience started.
• 1 August, 1933 : Arrested and remained in Jail till 23 Aug.1933.
• 17 September, 1934 : Stated "I am going to resign from the Congress".
• 28 October, 1934 : Declared his intention to retire from Congress.
• 1936 : Founded Sevagram Ashram at Wardha.
• 1937 : Wardha Scheme of Education.
• May & Oct-Nov, 1938 : North West Frontier tours.
• 3 March, 1939: Started fast unto death at Rajkot and on settlement of the issue ended fast on 7 March, 1939.
• 15 October, 1940 : Started Anti-war individual Satyagraha with Vinoba as the first Satyagrahi.
• 15 January, 1942 : 'My political successor is Jawaharlal' Gandhiji said.
• 5 March, 1942 : Cripps arrives.
• 30 March, 1942 : The idea of 'Quit India' burst upon Gandhiji.
• 8 March, 1942 : Addressed All India Congress Committee of Bombay and Quit India resolution was passed.
• 9 August, 1942 : Arrested and taken to Agakhan Palace-Jail.
• 15 August, 1942 : Lighted the pyre of Mahadev Desai, his secretary who died in Jail.
• 10 February, 1943 : Started fast in Agakhan Palace-Jail.
• 3 March, 1943 : Ended fast-in-Jail.
• 22 February, 1944 : At 7.35 p.m. Kasturba died. The saree woven from yarn spun by Gandhiji was wrapped round her body.
• 6 May, 1944 : Released from Jail.
• March, 1945 : Cabinet Mission.
• Jan-July, 1945 : Simla Conference.
• 1946 : Cabinet plan accepted.
• 10 October, 1946 : In Naokhali and other districts in East Bengal inhuman atrocities started.
• 6 November, 1946 : Left Calcutta for Naokhali by a special train.
• Jan-Dec., 1947 : Toured troubled areas of Bengal, Bihar & Delhi.
• 15 August, 1947 : At Calcutta, fasted as country was cut into two pieces.
• 13 January, 1948 : Started fast in Delhi against communal riots.
• 16 January, 1948 : 'I do not with to live if peace is not established in India and Pakistan'.
• 18 January, 1948 : Broke fast by taking orange juice from Maulana Azad.
• 20 January, 1948 : A bomb exploded during prayer.
• 27 January, 1948 : Wrote that Congress should cease as political body and should devote on his way to evening prayer ground at Birla House, Delhi.